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Durable Objects Realtime Database per User

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This project demonstrates an advanced authentication and data management pattern using a suite of Cloudflare’s powerful edge computing services. It provides a template for building multi-tenant applications with robust data isolation and real-time features.

Hybrid Database Architecture

The core of this project is its hybrid database architecture that leverages different storage solutions for optimal performance and security:

  • Cloudflare D1: A centralized SQL database used for managing user accounts, authentication, and OAuth data.
  • KV Storage: Utilized for ultra-fast session validation at the edge, enabling session lookups in under 1ms.
  • Durable Objects: The key to data isolation. Each user is assigned their own Durable Object, which contains a dedicated SQLite database for their application data (e.g., notes). This ensures that one user’s data is completely segregated from another’s.

This architecture results in a system that is both highly performant, with rapid authentication checks, and secure, with strong data isolation between users.

Real-Time Features

The application showcases real-time data synchronization using WebSocket Hibernation, allowing for efficient and scalable WebSocket management. Key features include:

  • Reliable Message Delivery: An acknowledgment-based system with retries ensures that data updates are delivered reliably.
  • Intelligent Batching: To prevent message flooding and maintain a responsive UI, updates are intelligently batched.
  • Connection Resiliency: The client can persist its identity across page refreshes and automatically reconnect if the network connection is interrupted.

Tech Stack

The project is built on a modern, edge-native tech stack:

  • Frontend: A reactive UI built with SolidJS, with routing managed by TanStack Router and server state handled by TanStack Query.
  • Backend: A lightweight API built with Hono.js running on Cloudflare Workers.
  • Database: Drizzle ORM is used to interact with the SQLite databases inside the Durable Objects.

This project serves as an excellent reference for building complex, real-time, and multi-tenant applications on the Cloudflare ecosystem.

For more information and to explore the code, visit the project repository on GitHub.